在雅思口语考试中,许多考生都试图依赖“死记硬背答案(Memorized Answer)”。
然而,这是最危险的策略。
考官面试过成百上千的考生,背诵的稿子不出30秒就会被识破。一旦被判定为“没有用自己的话来表达”,分数就会大打折扣。
要获得6.5分及以上的成绩,需要的不是背诵答案,而是构建逻辑的“思维框架(模板)”。
本文将介绍一些既能让您流利表达又不会被判定为背诵的“框架”,以及支撑这些框架的实用短语。
Part 1:进行对话交流(ARE法)
Part 1不是简单的“一问一答”,而是一场简短的对话交流。
不要仅用“是/否”来回答,要养成使用“ARE法”以三句话结构来回应的习惯。
基本模板:ARE法
- A = Answer(回答):直接回答问题。
- R = Reason(理由):简要说明原因。
- E = Example/Detail(例子/细节):补充频率或具体例子。
Q: Do you like reading?
(A) Yes, absolutely. I’m a bit of a bookworm.
(R) It helps me unwind after a long day at work.
(E) I usually read for about 30 minutes before bed, mostly mystery novels.
像这样掌握了“回答→理由→细节”的框架,无论遇到多么出其不意的问题(例如:机器人、镜子、T恤),都能避免沉默冷场。
Part 2:支撑2分钟演讲的“PPF法”
Part 2(个人陈述)最大的难题是“没什么可说的,撑不满2分钟”。解决这个问题的最强框架就是“过去-现在-未来”(Past-Present-Future,简称PPF法)。通过不仅限于一种时态,而是在过去、现在和未来之间穿梭,可以防止话题枯竭,同时也能在语法范围(Grammatical Range)方面得分。
PPF法结构(参考)
- Past(过去): 契机、相遇、以前的状态(约30-40秒)
- Present(现在): 为什么喜欢、目前的状况(约60秒)
- Future(未来): 今后的计划、未来的展望(约20-30秒)
实践脚本示例:Describe a person you admire
这是一个以“你尊敬的人(Mr. Sato)”为主题的回答范例。请注意其中的连接词(粗体)。
1. Past(过去·相遇)
"Back in the day, when I was in high school, I first met Mr. Sato during a charity event. At that time, I was a shy teenager, and to be honest I had never imagined meeting someone so inspiring. Originally, he was just a guest speaker, but we got a chance to talk afterwards. He shared stories about how he overcame hardship to start his own business, which left a deep impression on me."
2. Present(现在·尊敬的理由)
"As of now, we keep in touch regularly, and I consider him my mentor. In stark contrast to my past self, who lacked confidence, nowadays I’m far more outgoing – largely thanks to his guidance. He has taught me not only business skills but also the importance of humility. For instance, whenever I face a challenge, he encourages me by sharing his own experiences. It’s no wonder I admire him so much."
3. Future(未来·今后的展望)
"Looking ahead to the future, I wouldn’t be surprised if I follow in his footsteps to become an entrepreneur myself. He often says that it is highly probable that our efforts today will pay off tomorrow, and I take those words to heart. Ultimately, I want to inspire others just as he has inspired me."
使用这个框架,无论遇到什么话题,比如“想去的地方”或“珍贵的东西”,都可以灵活应用。
Part 3:用于展开深度讨论的“功能性”短语
在Part 3中,您需要摆脱单调的“I think...”,展开逻辑性强的讨论(Discussion)。
如果目标是7.0分及以上,就需要熟练运用以下“功能性短语”。
1. Comparison(比较过去与现在)
使用比简单的“Unlike the past...”更能强调巨大变化的表达方式。
- "In stark contrast to the past, ..."
(与过去形成鲜明对比的是,现在……)
Example: "In stark contrast to the past when most people wrote letters by hand, nowadays almost everyone communicates via email."
- "Gone are the days when ..., [and] now ..."
(……的时代已经一去不复返,如今……)
Example: "Gone are the days when students relied solely on libraries; now they have the Internet at their fingertips."
2. Speculation(推测未来)
不要只用“Maybe”,而要使用包含确信度(Modality)的表达方式进行预测。
- "It is highly probable that ..."
(……的可能性非常高)
Example: "It is highly probable that AI will become a ubiquitous part of our daily lives."
- "I wouldn’t be surprised if ..."
(如果……我一点也不会惊讶 = 很有可能发生)
Example: "I wouldn’t be surprised if remote work becomes the standard for most industries."
3. Evaluation(评价·正反论证)
不要只提出单方面的观点,要平衡利弊。
- "While there are undeniable benefits to X, one must also consider Y."
(尽管X有其不可否认的好处,但也必须考虑到Y)
Example: "While there are undeniable benefits to social media, one must also consider its downsides like privacy issues."
【请注意】考官反感的“NG短语”清单
在使用模板时,绝对要避免那些“陈词滥调(cliché)”。
这些表达会让考官立即判断你是在“背稿子”,从而成为扣分项。
NG短语(应避免) | 原因 | 更自然的替代表达 |
"Every coin has two sides." | 这是个老掉牙的说法,属于书面语,在口语中显得不自然。 | "There are pros and cons." |
"Broaden my horizons." | 由于被考生滥用,这已成为考官最反感的短语之一。 | "Expand my perspective" |
"Last but not least, ..." | 这是演讲致辞中使用的表达方式,不适用于即兴对话。 | "Finally, ..." |
结论:模板只是“辅助轮”
本次介绍的PPF法和短语集,终究只是帮助构建谈话结构的“框架”。
如果连内容和事例都一并背诵,会导致语调(Intonation)不自然,反而会拉低分数。
运用“框架”,但用自己的话来填充内容。这才是通往6.5分的正确途径。
在ELT检验您是否能“自然运用”
即使在知识层面上了解了模板,在正式考试的压力下能否自然运用则是另一回事。
在ELT,深谙雅思之道的雅思前考官和专业的母语教师将严格检查您的口语表达听起来是否像“背诵的稿子”,以及逻辑是否清晰。
“希望老师帮我看看我的PPF法用得是否自然”
“我尝试用了新的短语,希望得到评价”
欢迎您先通过免费试听课来体验这种实战练习。


